Robert Graves wrote an interesting essay, "New Light on an Old Murder," in the book Food for Centaurs. I'm not sure if it's still in print.

— Bleedster Lewis H.

Educator, rationalist & founder of the public school, "the escuela moderna," free of (& opposed to) the influence of State, religion & dogmas. The Catholic church, monopolizing "education " in Spain, hated Ferrer. An anarchist militant & free-thinker, he was blamed for the upheavals during the "Tragic Week" in July in Barcelona (though he was not there). Massive demonstrations took place in Europe protesting his execution, warning that Francisco Ferrer would be avenged, with denunciations of the church & assurances his work would be continued.

On July 28, martial law was declared throughout Spain, & a brutal military suppression continued until September. Anyone deemed dangerous to the government was jailed.

Francisco Ferrer was found late in September & thrown in the dreaded fortress of Montjuich in Barcelona. A hurried trial ensued, in which he was accused of fomenting the insurrection. Ferrer had very little, if anything, to do with the uprising, but false evidence & forced confessions were produced. The government also believed Ferrer had instigated the assassination attempt on the king in 1906 & wanted revenge.

Francisco Ferrer was put to death by firing squad on October 13, 1909. Because Ferrer was well-known internationally, his execution caused a sensation throughout North America & Western Europe. In Great Britain, George Bernard Shaw, H. G. Wells, & Sir Arthur Conan Doyle protested with Peter Kropotkin & other anarchists. Ferrer became a martyr for free thought &, with his execution, one of the most famous of Spanish anarchists.

http://recollectionbooks.com/siml/library/reidRadicalEducatorsNYC/reidRadicalEducatorsInNewYorkCity.htm

1909 -- In capitals throughout Europe demonstrations are held protesting the execution of Francisco Ferrer. Violent confrontations between protesters & the police occur in Paris, where over 500,000 people turned out. In Argentina, a meeting improvised by the F.O.R.A. (the anarchist Federation Obrera Regional Argentina) brings out 20,000 workers & results in a General Strike which begins tomorrow & lasts until October 17.
http://www.ephemanar.net/octobre13.html


1909 -- Nicaragua: US consul reports United Fruit Co. troops & two US cruisers have taken over Nicaragua's Atlantic ports in aid of rebels.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Fruit_Company


1910 -- American jazz great Art Tatum lives.
http://www.links.net/vita/muzik/jaz/tatum/

Angulo, Jaime de. The "Trial" of Ferrer: A Clerical-Judicial Murder. NY: New York Labor News Co., 1920 [1911].

Francisco Ferrer by Voltairine de Cleyre

Anarchists in New York, led by Emma Goldman & Alexander Berkman, founded the Francisco Ferrer Association in 1910 "to perpetuate the work & memory of Francisco Ferrer."

Anarchist & printer Harry Kelly became chairman & Leonard Abbott, associate editor of Current Literature, was elected president. The Association had a threefold purpose: to publish & disseminate Ferrer's works, to organize memorial meetings on the first anniversary of his death, & to establish Modern Schools in cities throughout the country.

1911 -- Italy: Trooper Augusto Masetti fires a gunshot at his colonel on the parade ground of the Cialdini barracks, in Bologna, while shouting out 'Down with the war! Long live Anarchy!' in protest of the war in Libya.

Armando Borghi & Maria Rygier immediately composed a special edition of "L'Agitatore" welcoming the action of the rebel soldier.

Borghi's article was entitled "Anarchist revolts shines through the violence of war." The newspaper was impounded & a round-up of anarchists began. Maria Rygier was the first to be arrested. Borghi got away by the skin of his teeth & slipped off to Paris.

He stayed abroad until the end of December 1912, involving himself in active anti-militarist propaganda, giving lectures in France & Switzerland. After the Italian government offered an amnesty to mark the conclusion of a peace treaty with Turkey, he returned to Italy.

1914 -- US: Bombs are planted in St. Patrick's Cathedral & the Church of St. Alphonsus on this day, the five year anniversary of the execution of Francisco Ferrer. Frank Abarno & Carmine Carbone, members of the Italian anarchist Gruppo Gaetano Bresci, are arrested & accused of conspiracy on March 2, 1915, & sentenced to 6-12 years prison on April 9th.

Anti-radical sentiment gripped the city & they were sentenced to 6 to 12 years on April 9, 1915, in a prelude to 1918 when the government & press whipped up an anti-radical hysteria following America's entry into the war. Emma Goldman helps raise money for their defense fund.

(See, "Radical Educators in New York City, 1909-1915" by Reid Friedson)
http://recollectionbooks.com/siml/library/reidRadicalEducatorsNYC/reidRadicalEducatorsInNewYorkCity.htm
http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Goldman/Guide/chronology0119.html

1915 -- England: In London, buying rounds of drinks is prohibited in an effort to reduce drunkenness. People who offer to buy others drinks face a £100 fine or six months in jail ... Ministers claim that excessive drinking by shipbuilders is detrimental to Britain's rearmament.



1921 -- Sweden: Second socialist government formed by Social Democratic Party. As (F)Red, resident Ayn Randyist & expert on velvet art, loves to tell us, all socialist governments go communist.



1925 -- Lenny Bruce, standup comic, social rebel, hounded to death by cops for using such words as fuck & cocksucker on stage, lives. Of course the "Jackie Hauling Ass bit" wasn't funny to the all-Catholic jury he faced in Chicago.

Imprisoned on obscenity charges & refused permission to enter Britain, his show was banned both in England & in Australia. Nightclub owners, fearing police harassment, began refusing to book him & his career collapsed. See his autobiography How to Talk Dirty & Influence People, & also Bob Fosse's award-winning film Lenny (1974). "When you can't say 'fuck,' you can't say 'fuck the government.'" http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=2391 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCmfEWDU7pQ

1925 -- Garland Anderson's Appearances opens at the Frolic Theatre. The first full-length play by an African-American on Broadway.


1929 --

"Mean Low Blues," Blues Birdhead (James Simons), 10/13/29

"One of every 20 residents of New York is a Negro," wrote Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. in 1935. "There are about 300,000 black, brown & yellow folk. One-half are not working, the other half is existing on the crumbs from the table." Evoking the rural South & the dislocation felt by many who left it for Northern cities, Blues Birdhead waxed "Mean Low Blues" in Richmond, Virginia, before the Depression. Whether the obscure harp player's fortunes would have improved had he joined the 1930's flood of New York-bound migrants is another matter. — Mark Humphrey, "The Great Depression: American Music in the '30s" http://recollectionbooks.com/siml/library/mirror/Depressionmusic2.html See also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roots_%27N_Blues:_The_Retrospective

1934 -- US: AFL votes to boycott all German-made products as a protest against Nazi antagonism to organized labor within Germany.


1934 -- France: First issue of the "Conquest of Bread" appears, as a libertarian review open to all the tendencies of anarchism. It was managed by Emile Bidault (1869-1938), a French anarchist & organizer of the "League of the Antipatriots," who previously edited "La Brochure mensuelle."


1934 -- "Saturday Evening Post" publishes William Faulkner story "Retreat."


1937 -- Spain: Spanish Loyalists & Canada's Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion begin an assault on Fuentes de Ebro.



1942 -- Songster Paul Simon lives.




1943 -- US: Poet Robert Lowell, Jr., a conscientious objector (CO), is sentenced to a prison term of a year & a day for draft evasion.

Shocked & dismayed by the Allied firebombing of civilians in German cities like Dresden, Lowell declared himself at this time a conscientious objector. He served for several months in jail (his experiences form the basis of Memories of West Street & Lepke.

http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/g_l/lowell/bio.htm

1947 -- Chile: During this month Lota mine-worker strike.

In 1947, Pisagua (an infamous concentration camp) was opened & a period of fullscale of persecution of anarchists began. Anarchist organisations had to go underground & one such clandestine initiative was the Luisa Michel Cultural Center, which operated with the clear aim of giving a rational education to female workers.

In 1953 its name changed to "Luisa Michel Libertarian School." It was run by comrade Flora Sanhueza R. & had over 70 students. With time, it began to accept children as well. It worked non-stop until 1957, the strength & determinaton of the libertarian women resisting the authorities for a period of ten years.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisagua#Pisagua_as_a_camp_for_prisoners
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_concentration_and_internment_camps#Chile
http://libcom.org/history/1872-1995-anarchism-in-chile
http://recollectionbooks.com/cs/index.htm#chile

1948 -- Pakistan: Sufi qawwali singer Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan lives (1948-1997), Lyallpur. In 1995, he collaborated with Eddie Vedder on the soundtrack to Dead Man Walking.



1952 -- France: Second projection of Howls for Sade in Paris.
[International Situationist Resources]



1953 -- US: Four bodies of aliens are allegedly recovered from a UFO, Dutton, Montana. Big Sky country indeed!


1954 -- US Air Force orders production of the first supersonic bomber.

1955 -- ¶ During this month (I don't have exact day) Jack Kerouac, Gary Snyder (Zen anarchist poet) & John Montgomery climb the 12,000 foot high Matterhorn mountain in the Sierra Nevada chain.



1957 -- China: Beloved & Respected Comrade Dictator Mao gives his speech "Have Firm Faith in the Majority of the People."


1960 -- Sean O'Casey's play "Drums Under the Window" has it’s world premiere at the Cherry Lane theatre in NY & runs for 110 performances.



1961 -- Film visionary Maya Deren dies, Queens, New York. "She is the mother of us all" — Stan Brakhage.

"I make my pictures for what Hollywood spends on lipstick."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_Deren
http://www.algonet.se/~mjsull/

1962 -- "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?" opens on Broadway, with Uta Hagen (by Edward Albee; 664 performances).


1962 -- Venezuela: On the occasion of the 53rd anniversary of the execution by firing-squad of Francisco Ferrer, the first of what might be considered the current run of Spanish libertarian youth paper 'Ruta', long published in exile, sees again the light of day.


1963 -- Beatles at London Palladium shown on tv; media discovers Beatlemania.



1965 -- US: 19 Indian women & children attacked by agents of the State of Washington at Frank's Landing on the Nisqually River during Fish-Ins. Janet McCloud, a Tulalip activist, is arrested & jailed until trial.
http://sapadawn.indigenousnative.org/



1966 -- Morning Glory & Indian Head Band open at the Western Front Dance Academy club at Polk & O'Farrell in San Francisco.




1967 -- Vietnam: Two Marines killed, 21 wounded when a US Marine fighter mistakenly dropped bombs on them near Conthien, South Vietnam.

Well, come on Wall Street, don't move slow,
Why man, this is war au-go-go.
There's plenty good money to be made
By supplying the Army with the tools of the trade,
Just hope & pray that if they drop the bomb,
They drop it on the Viet Cong.

[chorus]

Well, come on mothers throughout the land,
Pack your boys off to Vietnam.
Come on fathers, don't hesitate,
Send 'em off before it's too late.
Be the first one on your block
To have your boy come home in a box. ...
Whoopee! we're all gonna die!

http://www.countryjoe.com/
http://www.well.com/user/cjfish/game.htm
http://www.war-stories.com/
http://chss.montclair.edu/english/furr/vietnam.html
http://web.archive.org/...dpoole1272/home/lbdays.htm

1970 -- US: Angela Davis, 26, a former faculty member at the University of California, Los Angeles, black militant, & self-proclaimed Communist, is arrested in NY City in connection with a shootout in a San Raphael, California, courtroom six days before.

Davis is accused of supplying weapons to Jonathan Jackson, who burst into the Marin County courtroom in a bid to free inmates on trial there, & to take hostages he hoped to exchange for his brother, George, a prison revolutionary in San Quentin. Police fired on Jonathan & he was killed along with Superior Court Judge Harold Haley & two inmates. After a three-month trial, Davis, who was deemed a suspect because of her political beliefs rather than any specific evidence, is acquitted of all charges.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Davis
http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/ssmith/davisbio.html

1970 -- Chile: CIA pays Chilean military plotter Viaux $20,000 to assassinate Allende.
http://recollectionbooks.com/cs/index.htm#chile


1972 -- Uruguay-to-Chile plane crashes in Andes Mountain, (23 December rescue.)

Uruguayan Air Force plane carrying members & fans of Montevideo's Old Christian Brothers rugby team crashed on the Chilean side of a 12,000 peak. Twenty people died in the crash & a subsequent avalanche. They were not rescued for another 69 days, eluding exposure, hunger & certain death by eating parts of their dead companions' bodies.

1972 -- US: Why the Rush? Burns Paiute Indian Colony Reservation is established in Oregon; land for the reservation was allotted in 1897.


1977 -- Majorca: Four Palestinian terrorists hijack a Lufthansa jetliner, Palma de Majorca. They demand the release of "our comrades in German prisons," which would include the Baader-Meinhof gang; "We are fighting against the imperialist organizations of the world."
http://www.baader-meinhof.com/timeline/1973.html


1978 -- US: James Earl Ray, assassin of Martin Luther King weds Anna Sandhu. The giddy groom giggles, "We're going to Disneyland!", as he was led away in chains.


1978 -- Third day in a row, Sid Vicious (former Sex Pistol band member) kills girlfriend Nancy. She just won't stay down, & he just doesn't know when to quit? History as it happens — historians agree it happened, but not which day.
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/7412/punklinx.html



1980 -- Adolfo Perez Esquivel, architect & human-rights activist imprisoned & tortured in Argentina, wins the Nobel Peace Prize.


1983 -- Grenada: A power struggle begins, to overthrow Prime Minister Maurice Bishop. US/CIA destabilisation tactics began soon after Bishop formed a leftist government. A mercenary coup results in Bishop's murder on the 19th; US military forces quickly invade on the 25th to install a pro-American regime.

Bishop ran afoul of the US fairly quickly when he failed to join in the quarantine of Cuba. His mildly socialist program (private enterprise left unmolested, but free health care, school lunches, etc.) was the final straw. Before long, a CIA propaganda campaign was portraying Grenada as a terrorist state allied to the Soviet Union, its 100,000 inhabitants armed to the teeth & poised to attack the pitifully vulnerable US.

The US invasion was planned at least two years before it happened, & CIA acts of sabotage proliferated. Money was given to opposition politicians & neighboring armies. Finally, in late 1983, Bishop was overthrown by extremists in his own party & executed, & the US invasion began. CIA agents among the "hostages" helped coordinate the three-day war over shortwave radio.

"The nation must to a degree take it on faith that we too are honorable men, devoted to her service."

— Richard Helms, DCI, April, 1971

http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/CIA%20Hits/Grenada_CIAHits.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Bishop
http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/358/18994

1984 -- Artist Alice Neel dies.

http://www.nmwa.org/collection/profile.asp?LinkID=630
http://www.shepherd.edu/englweb/artworks/menu.html
http://www.marinphotography.com/people/neel.html

1984 -- US: Meant for Me & You?: Demonstrators in San Francisco protest testing of weapons, lethal chemicals & biological substances on live animals.


1987 -- US: About 800 arrested in Washington, D.C. in "Out & Outraged" action blockading the US Supreme Court on the anniversary of a decision upholding the constitutionality of anti-sodomy laws.


1987 -- First military use of trained dolphins (US Navy in the Persian Gulf).




1988 -- Shroud of Turin, alleged burial cloth of Jesus Christ, declared a fake. "Not a ghost of a chance," claim the experts.

Anastasio Cardinal Ballestrero, archbishop of Turin, announces the Shroud, revered by many as the cloth covering the body of Jesus after the crucifixion, dates only from the 13th century. It had first come to the attention of the Roman Catholic Church in the mid-14th century. Determination was made by radiocarbon dating. Ballestrero said the church never claimed the shroud was a holy relic, but because of the image on the cloth, it would continue to be regarded with veneration...Those Who Want to Believe are not considered crazy.

1992 -- Michael Ondaatje, Canada, wins Booker Prize for The English Patient; Barry Unsworth wins for Sacred Hunger.


1994 -- Japanese novelist Oe Kenzaburo wins the Nobel Prize for literature.


1995 -- Demi Moore movie "The Scarlet Letter" opens, US. Supposedly based on the Nathaniel Hawthorne novel, with a Hollywood ending (everyone lives happily ever after).


1997 -- Outer Space: Lots of Atmosphere? After years of international protest, the US launches 72 pounds of plutonium aboard the interplanetary space probe Cassini. The launch is, thankfully, uneventful.


1997 -- The ARMAGEDDONIA ANARCHISTS created today & begin competing in the "Cosmic Underleague" during the 1998 baseball season. The anarchist players consist of men & women who particpate within the anarchist social & political movements of the 19th & 20th Centuries.

The dream of a stateless society, devoid of any authority...

The anarchist movement believes the demolition of the patriarchal/matriarchal system of authority is necessary to set things right. Abolish government, abolish private property, & let individuals live according to their own self-imposed, freely arranged moral codes. Bakunin claimed religion & government were the eternal enemies of freedom. Kropotkin advocated the destruction of all government & the liberation of the worker from the employer. Proudhon, an early "father" of modern anarchism claimed: La propriete c'est le vol ("property is theft").

Pitchers: Ba "Humbug" Jin , "Big Mike" Bakunin, Ulrike Heider, Joey Hill, Pete "Petie" Kropotkin, Ricky "Floors" Magón, Nestor "Bird" Makhno, "Petie-Joe" Proudhon

"Whoever lays his glove on me is a tyrant..." "To Govern the Basepaths is to be ... /siml/library/anarchQuotes.htm#ProudhonQuote

Fielders: Alex "The Assassin" Berkman (center), Marie Louise "Bernie" Berneri (shortstop), Murray "Anarchos" Bookchin (Catcher), Voltairine "Juice" de Cleyre (Catcher/Infield), Sammy "Whiner" Dolgoff (First), Buenaventura "Lucky" Durruti (Infield), Liz Gurley Flynn (Outfield), "Red" Emma Goldman, "Big Bill" Haywood (Outfield), Errico "Rico" Malatesta (Outfield), Nicky "Nick'em" Sacco (Third) & Bart Vanzetti (Second).

Staff: Élisée "Clu" Reclus (Field Manager), Louise "Looey" Michel (Coach), Al "Preacher" Parsons (Coach), Dana "Mad Dog" Ward (Coach), Giuseppe "Fanny" Fanelli (General Manager)

http://www.cosmicbaseball.com/98aar.html

1997 -- Vietnam: A Nike plant in Hanoi is fined $5,000 for producing 51 rubber dildos.
http://www.notbored.org/headline-news.html



1999 -- Guatemala: Workers at a Del Monte subsidiary are forced to quit their jobs at gunpoint in order to prevent a strike, Izabel.


2003 -- Israeli & US officials have admitted collaborating to deploy US-supplied Harpoon cruise missiles armed with nuclear warheads in Israel's fleet of Dolphin-class submarines, giving the Middle East's only nuclear power the ability to strike at any of its Arab neighbors...as Israel announced that states 'harboring terrorists' are legitimate targets.

"THE OBSERVER" , London & Jerusalem, Oct 13, 2003, Page 1



3000 -- LENNY BRUCE
Talked dirty, influenced many. Daily Bleed Saint 1998.

"They beat the crap outta me but I proved I was a man. They kept beating me but I didn't give them no names."

("What names schmuck, you were arrested for exposing yourself.")

3001 --

Lenny Bruce: "(My friend) Carmelo's mother was the manicurist & town whore. The symbols of my childhood are gone — what a shame! — the country doctor, the town whore, village idiot, the drunken family from the wrong side of the tracks have been replaced with the communist, the junkie, the faggot, & the beatnik." "When I got divorced a couple of major magazines asked me, five years later, the dumb question: "What happened to your marriage?" "What happened to my marriage? It was broken up by my mother-in-law." & the reporter laughed: "Mother-in-law ha ha ha. What happened?" "My wife came home from work early & she found us in bed together." "In bed — that's perverse!" "Why? It was her mother not mine." Numerous links to Lenny Bruce in Surf's Up section of our page at: http://recollectionbooks.com/links.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenny_Bruce

---

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