Rudolf Rocker, Saint Patrick Irish Battalion, Aquilino Ribeiro, San Patricio Battalion, Louise Michel, Emiliano Zapata, Emma Goldman, James Tochatti, Len Wallace, anarchism, anarchiste, anarquista, radical history on this day in recovered history, September 13

The struggle of Man against power is the struggle of memory against forgetting. — Milan Kundera, The Book Of Laughter & Forgetting

SEPTEMBER 13

RUDOLF ROCKER
A leading American anarchist intellectual of the mid-20th century.

http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/Encyclopedia/RockerRudolf.htm

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Andalusia, Spain: VINTAGE FEAST. Parades, bullfights, horse races, drinking & dancing until dawn.

TAKE A WRENCH TO THE WORKS DAY.

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1321 -- Consummate Italian poet Dante Alighieri dies, Ravenna. (13 or 14, exact day remains unknown)

1589 -- Chile: A bloody rebellion by the Mapuches against the Spanish begins.
Source: [Robert Braunwart] [Hereafter noted with symbol: ]


1592 -- Michel de Montaigne dies at his family chateau while preparing another edition of his Essays.


1592 -- Christian socialist philosopher Ludwig Feuerbach dies, Rechenburg.
Source: Autonomedia Calendar


1609 -- New Old World: Henry Hudson sails up what is now called the Hudson River in Canada.
Source: Autonomedia Calendar


1635 -- New Old World: The Massachusetts General Court banishes Separatist preacher Roger Williams, 32, for criticizing the Massachusetts Bay Company charter & for perpetually advocating a separation of church & state.

The good rain, like a bad preacher, does not know when to leave off.

— Ralph Waldo Emerson

1663 -- New Old World: First known serious slave revolt in colonial America is planned in Gloucester County, Virginia. The conspirators, both white servants & black slaves, are betrayed by fellow indentured servants.



1743 -- Can of Worms? England, Austria & Savoye-Sardinia sign Treaty of Worms.

Worm:

"A Sacred Animal" (Cleopatra)

"Guts of the Soil" (Aristotle)

"More Powerful than the African Elephant & More Important to the Economy than the Cow" (Darwin)

1779 -- Canada: Frederick Haldimand asks dramatist Richard Cumberland to select books for a public library at Quebec.


1814 -- US: 'Star-Spangled Banner' written to the tune of a drinking song. Just what our ears tell us...


1818 -- Popular French novelist, Gustave Aimard lives, Paris. Writes adventure stories about life on the American frontier & in México based upon his travels as a ship's boy from the age of 12, & later war experience.



1847 -- México: The cadets of the Military School face the American invaders at the castle of Chapultepec.

"México centellea ante nuestros ojos"
[México sparkles before our eyes]

With these words Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader President Adams had dazzled himself at the turn of the century.

At first bite, México lost Texass.

Now the US has all México on its plate.

In Chapultepec Castle, Mexican cadets, practically children, do not surrender. They resist the bombardment with an obstinacy not born of hope. Stones collapse over their bodies. Among the stones, the winners plant the stars & stripes, which rises from the smoke over the huge valley.

The conquerors enter the capital. The city of México: eight engineers, 2,000 monks, 2,500 lawyers, 20,000 beggars.

The people, huddled together, growl. From the roofs, it rains stones.

— Eduardo Galeano, Faces & Masks
http://web.archive.org/...eduardo.galeano/memoria.del.fuego/18470913.htm
Century of the Wind

1848 -- México: The Irish of the Battalion of San Patricio that fought next to the Méxicans against the US invaders are executed.

Even to this day, an Irish person in México will be told a countless number of times about the famous ‘Irish Martyrs’ who defected from the US Army & gave their lives trying to save México from US aggression from 1846-1848.

In the main plaza of Mexico City, the conquerors punish. They whip the Mexican rebels. They brand with hot irons the faces of the Irish deserters & then hang them from the gallows.

The Saint Patrick Irish Battalion (San Patricio Battalion) arrived with the invaders, but fought alongside the invaded. The Irish made theirs the fate, ill fate, of the Mexicans. Many died defending the Churubusco monastery without ammunition.

The prisoners, their faces burned, swing to & fro on the gallows.

— Eduardo Galeano, Faces & Masks

http://web.archive.org/...eduardo.galeano/memoria.del.fuego/18480913.htm

[Details / context]

1858 -- US: Students at Oberlin College free fugitive slave from slave catchers.


1867 -- Masaoka Shiki lives. Japanese essayist/poet, who revived traditional Japanese poetic forms haiku & tanka. Also founder of the magazine Hototogisu & highly esteemed critic in his time.

Haiku: Japan's most popular unrhymed poetic form. Haiku consist of 17 syllables arranged in three lines containing five, seven, & five syllables, respectively. Outstanding haiku masters: Bashõ (1644-1694), Buson (1716-1783), Kobayashi Issa (1763-1827).

Tanka: A Japanese fixed form of verse of five lines, the first & third of which have five syllables & the other seven (5-7-5-7-7)

1868 -- Otakar Brezina (pen name of Václav Jebavý) lives. Poet / essayist, considered the greatest of Czech Symbolists. Twice nominated for the Nobel Prize.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otokar_B%C5%99ezina


1870 -- France: Anarchiste Louise Michel visits with Victor Hugo, from the 13 to 18th.



1876 -- Sherwood Anderson — novelist, poet, & short story writer — lives, Camden, Ohio.

F. Scott Fitzgerald characterizes him as "the possessor of a brilliant & almost inimitable prose style, & of scarcely any ideas at all."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherwood_Anderson
http://virtual.clemson.edu/groups/dial/sherwood.htm

1877 -- US: The Battle of Canyon Creek, Montana, in the Nez Perce War, is fought.
http://visitmt.com/whatsnew/features/nezperce.htm
http://www.ourheritage.net/index_page_stuff/Following_Trails/Chief_Joseph/Chief_Joseph_Timeline.html


1880 -- England passes the first Employers' Liability Act, granting compensation to workers injured on the job.


1885 --

Aquilino Ribeiro lives (1885-1963). The great Portuguese novelist of the first-half of the 20th century, a life-long activist & youthful militant anarquista (arrested in 1907 for an explosion in his room in which a carbonário was killed). Nominated in 1960 for a Nobel Prize. From the pine-nut, which a sudden gust of wind had torn from the mother-cone, & from the acorn, which the bird had dropped onto the ground, when the act was repeated a thousand times, the forest was born. — A Casa Grande de Romarigães (excerpt) http://cvc.instituto-camoes.pt/literatura/eng/AQUILINO.HTM http://pt.metapedia.org/wiki/Aquilino_Ribeiro http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquilino_Ribeiro http://vidanovazores.blogspot.com/2007/09/aquilino-ribeiro-com-ou-sem-panteo-o.html

1886 -- Alain Locke lives, Philadelphia, Pa. First African-American Rhodes scholar & an influential writer, educator, & philosopher. His work in captures the cultural & social climate of the "New Negro" of the Harlem Renaissance.


1890 -- William James publishes the first volume of Principles of Psychology.


1894 -- Critic, playwright, novelist J. B. Priestley lives, Bradford, Yorkshire. In 1953 he married archeologist Jacquetta Hawkes. He refused both knighthood & peerage, but accepted the order of Merit in 1977.


1895 -- England: Several speakers — including James Tochatti of the British anarchist journal Liberty, French anarchist Louise Michel, & Emma Goldman — appear at an event in Finsbury.

Emma lectures on "Political Justice in England & America," highlighting Alexander Berkman's case & she meets Peter Kropotkin & Errico Malatesta, among others. German police authorities monitor Goldman's movements in London, prepared to arrest her if she enters Germany. Tomorrow Goldman travels to Scotland; delivers successful lectures in Glasgow, Edinburgh, & Maybole.

1909 -- Chile: During this month the Gran Federacion Obrera de Chile (GFOC) is formed in September by the more conservative labor groups to bring together the workers' cooperatives.
... more details

Cooperativism is strong in Chile at this time, with 55,000 people in 433 workers' co-ops. By the time of the GFOC congress of 1917, a more revolutionary tendency becomes dominant, replacing the more conservative faction, & the name of the organization is shortened to Chilean Workers Federation (FOCH). Their goal was the complete abolition of capitalism & its replacement by the workers' union federation, which would control industry. At the 1922 FOCH congress, the Communist Party & their centralist (rather than federalist) politics dominate, alienating libertarian, syndicalist & social-democratic unionists, leading to a split in 1925. Source: "Chronology of the Chilean Workers' Movement," No Middle Ground: Anti-Authoritarian Perspectives on Latin America & the Caribbean No. 2, Fall, 1983. http://recollectionbooks.com/cs/chile/ChronologyChilean.htm

1911 -- México: A battle between Zapata & rebels Ambrosio Figueroa & A€orve is fought, in Guerrero. The Maderista Figueroa brothers took Acapulco back in April, & aligned with the Morelos landowners against the agrarian radical Emiliano Zapata ("tierra y libertad"), though they later briefly recognize Zapata’s control of Morelos. The Zapatismos eventually gain control of Guerrero, Oaxaca, & Puebla.


1912 -- Dominican Republic: Revolution breaks out in Santo Domingo.
http://reference.allrefer.com/country-guide-study/dominican-republic/dominican-republic21.html


1916 -- Roald Dahl lives, Llandaff, Wales. Popular British writer of ingenious, irreverent children's books & adult horror stories.

His first book, The Gremlins (1943), was written for Walt Disney. Dahl's stories have also been adapted to television as seen in Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1955-61) & Tales of the Unexpected (1979) series. Also wrote Someone Like You; Kiss, Kiss.

1916 -- John Brinnin lives, Halifax, Canada. American poet, editor, & social historian. From his first volume of poetry The Garden Is Political (1942), his work shows increasing display of experiments with form. Also instrumental in bringing Dylan Thomas to America in the early 50s, & wrote Dylan Thomas in America after the poet's death.



1916 -- US: The Masses Not Allowed.

The American revolutionary magazine The Masses, dubbed "frank, arrogant & impertinent" by its most famous contributor John Reed in 1911, wanted to "do as it pleases & conciliate nobody."

During the first World War this attitude brought The Masses the finishing stroke.

The September 1916 issue describes a court case against New York newsstands that refuse to sell the magazine because of its antimilitarism.

In 1918 it was no longer mailed by the postal services & the bell of death tolled for this legendary magazine.

http://www.iisg.nl/today/en/13-09.php


1918 --

Corto Maltese...
Hugo Pratt & Corto Maltese Tribute Site Hugo Pratt (1927-1995)		Corto, having begun his African adventures in May, today is in British Somaliland, traveling from there to Ethiopia. His African adventures come to their conclusion in German East Africa.

1919 -- Portugal: Founding of the General Confederation of Labor, greatly influenced by the anarcho-syndicalist movement, & the only Portuguese trade union at the time. Affiliated with the International Workers Association (IWA) in 1922. The coup d'état of 28th May 1926 & continued repression led to its decline, & in 1938, Emídio Santana, the secretary-general of the federation, took part in a failed assassination attempt on Salazar. The ensuing repression killed off the CGT completely.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Confederation_of_Labour_%28Portugal%29
http://libcom.org/history/articles/international-workers-association
http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em%C3%ADdio_Santana


1922 -- Libya: Hottest temperature in the world (136.4 degrees fahrenheit) is recorded at Al' Azizayah.


1932 -- Chile: A military junta ousts Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader Socialist President Carlos Dávila Espinoza.


1933 -- Cuba: Beginning of occupations of workplaces & towns, with distribution of food & land.



1933 -- US: Hey Arnold!? Author Edgar Rice Burroughs assumes the "office" of "mayor" of Malibu, California. Eatcher heart out Arnold Schwarzenegger.
http://www.interinfo.co.jp/arnold%20schwarzenegger.jpg



1934 -- US: Judge Landis sells World Series baseball broadcast rights to Ford for $100,000.


1934 -- France: The movie "L'Atalante," by the anarchist Jean Vigo, premiers, Paris.


1940 -- England: Buckingham Palace destroyed by German bombs.


1942 -- US: Cubs baseball shortstop Leonard Merullo makes 4 errors in 1 inning. Oooooops.


1942 -- "The Radio Reader's Digest" premiers on CBS radio (-1948).


1943 -- US Post Office Department under Postmaster General Frank C. Walker issues a "show cause" order, revoking the second-class (newspapers & magazines) mailing rates for Esquire magazine, claiming it had published matter of "an obscene, lewd, & lascivious character," specifically the "Varga girls." The Post Office's own hearing ruled in Esquire's favor, but Walker overruled them. The Supreme Court unanimously rules in favor of the magazine in 1946.


1943 -- US: The realignment of Tule Lake concentration camp begins. After the loyalty questionnaire episode, "loyal" internees begin to depart to other camps. Five days later, "disloyal" internees from other camps begin to arrive at Tule Lake.
[Sources]



1946 -- France: Two congresses held in Dijon: Congrès constitutif de la Fédération des jeunesses anarchistes (F.J.A.) meets today; Congrès de la Fédération anarchiste (F.A.) meets today through the 15th.
http://web.archive.org/...libertaire.org/article137.html


1948 -- US: Margaret Chase Smith (R-Me) elected senator, first woman to serve in both houses of Congress.


1951 -- Gregory Peck / Raoul Walsh movie "Captain Horatio Hornblower" opens, NY. C. S. Forester wrote something like 12 books about Hornblower. "The sun never sets on his world of adventure."
http://www.loc.gov/nls/bibliographies/minibibs/horatio.html

1958 -- US: American immigrant anarchist leader Rudolf Rocker dies, Mohegan, Maine. Anarchosyndicalist, anti-fascist. A Gentile, he became involved in the Jewish anarchist movement, learned Yiddish, lived in the Jewish community, & became the lifelong companion of Milly Witkop (1877-1953).

"The leading anarchist intellectual of later decades in the immigrant milieus, & easily the most distinguished essayist in Yiddish anarchist circles, Rocker was also the only gentile intellectual to become a leader of Jewish anarchists." — Paul Buhle, Encyclopedia of the American Left, p. 657

1961 -- England: Bertrand Russell, aged 89, & 32 others arrested for a major demonstration against nuclear weapons in Trafalgar Square, London.
http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/bright/bright.html


1962 -- US: Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader President John Kennedy says Soviet arms in Cuba are no threat to the US. Fairy Tales From Camelot...check back next month when Jack decides to recast this dull story as an exciting morality play, as Jack & the Boys discover Niki is up to no good & everyone begins waving their missiles!




1963 -- "The Outer Limits" premiers.

1964 -- New York DJ Murray the K hosts the conclusion of the 10 day rock & roll extravaganza at Brooklyn's Fox Theatre, held to compete against the Animals 10 day run at Brooklyn's Paramount Theatre. Acts on the Fox bill include Marvin Gaye, the Miracles, Martha & the Vandellas, the Contours, the Supremes, the Searchers, the Temptations, Jay & the Americans, the Dovells, the Newbeats, Little Anthony & the Imperials, the Shangri-las & the Ronettes. The Fox show outdraws the concurrent Paramount show.


1965 -- Russia: Andrei Sinyavsky (aka Abram Tertz) & Yuli Daniel are arrested for writing anti-Soviet fiction. Sinyavsky, a protégé of Boris Pasternak, wrote numerous works on the nightmarish nature of life in the time of Stalin.

The nightmare continues, as he is sent to prison for six years.
http://www.pen-international.org/campaigns...1966-andrei-sinyavsky-and-yuli-daniel/
http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/people/A0845374.html


1968 -- Italy: The Roman magistracy seizes Pier Paolo Pasolini's film "Teorema" for obscenity. The film has been previously okayed by the OCIC (Office catholique international cinématographique). The state is more reactionary & bigoted than some parts of the catholic church!
Source: [Crimini e Misfatti]


1970 -- The Plastic Ono Band plays the Toronto Peace Festival.

1971 -- US: Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader Dick Nixon's paranoia reached a fever pitch when it came to Jewish backers of his Democratic rivals. The tapes include several shocking anti-Semitic statements, & reveal plans to target key Jewish political contributors with IRS audits. Today Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader Dick M tells chief of staff Haldeman,

"Now here's the point, Bob. Please get me the names of the Jews. You know, the big Jewish contributors to the Democrats. Could we please investigate some of the cocksuckers?"

http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/ArchiveMirror/Parascope/nixon4.htm

1971 -- US: One thousand National Guardsmen, State Troopers, & local police storm New York State's Attica Prison after a breakdown in negotiations between officials & prisoners who seized a cell block & took 32 guards as hostages.

Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader Governor Rockefeller, who had refused to go to Attica to take part in the bargaining, orders the attack, during which a rain of bullets slaughters 34 inmates & nine of the hostages.

Suicide? Aliens? or, The Lone Gunman Theory: Warden Oswald fired a warning shot & it accidentally ricocheted around & killed all 40. The spent slug was remarkably unspent.

1972 -- US: 40 pissed off Indians take over BIA office in Pawnee, Oklahoma.


1978 -- US: Ford Motor Co. is indicted for murder of three teens in a Pinto. This is the defective-defective exploding car Ford decided not fix because it determined it was much cheaper to pay off lawsuits than fix the flaw. Ford has a "Better Idea."


1981 -- April Moon sets women's handbow distance record of 1,039 yards & 13 inches.


1981 -- US: Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader Secretary of State Haig says the US has physical evidence of Communist poison-gas use in SE Asia (a lie). Inspires a later administration to rework the mantra: "Weapons of Mass Destruction," "Saddam=Terrorism," "We Bring the Middle East Peace & Democracy"...


1982 -- European Parliament votes for phasing out promotion & advertising of war toys. Apparently ready for the real thing.


1982 -- RCA Records announces David Bowie has left for the South Seas where he'll begin filming "Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence." It's a World War II drama by noted Japanese director Nagisa Oshima, who did "In the Realm of the Senses," a film which sparked much controversy in the US because of the way it portrayed various sexual perversities.

"The road to tyranny, we must never forget, begins with the destruction of the truth."

— Bill Clinton, Oct. 15, 1995 at the University of Con(necticut)

1983 -- Guatemala: First accompaniment group from Peace Brigades International arrives to provide nonviolent witness & protection for indigenous leaders.


1983 -- Israel & PLO agree to "limited" self-rule for Palestine.


1990 -- US: The injunction against the book By Way of Deception is overturned on appeal, NY.

The book claims the Mossad knew in advance about the truck bomb that killed 241 US Marines in October 1983 but withheld this information from the Americans; that Mossad is to blame for the Iran/contra affair; that it has killed Palestinians willing to talk to Israel, fearing a diplomatic solution; & that it kept the Iraq-Iran war going by keeping each side informed of the others ships.

Victor Ostrovsky, the author, was an Israeli Mossad trainee & novice case officer. Israeli intelligence services stupidly tried to suppress the book's publication, failing miserably, & the attendant publicity makes it a number one best seller.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/By_Way_of_Deception

1992 -- The movie "A River Runs Through It," based on the Norman Maclean book, opens at the Toronto Film Festival.

The river was cut by the world's great flood & runs over rocks from the basement of time. On some of the rocks are timeless raindrops. Under the rocks are the words, & some of the words are theirs. I am haunted by waters."

http://www.reocities.com/aaronbcaldwell/River.html

1993 -- Somalia: US helicopter gunships kill at least 25, in Mogadishu.


1994 -- US: Former United Way chief William Aramony is indicted for fraud; meanwhile, in an unrelated case, Catalina Villapando, US treasurer under Bush, is sentenced to four months.


1994 -- Vatican: Pope John Paul II declares Sarajevo a symbol of a cruel century. The Catholic Church has intimate knowledge whereof it speaks.


1995 -- Spike Lee movie "Clockers," based on the novel by Richard Price, is released in the US.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Price_(writer)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike_Lee


1996 -- Brazil: A masked crowd takes advantage of a police strike in Alegoias Province to burn the police HQ.
Source: 'Calendar Riots'


1998 -- US: In a burst of "asking forgiveness; it's Sunday," Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader President Wee Willy Clinton makes a dramatic offer to avoid impeachment: Senate censure & private castration. His dried balls will be worn as earrings by Hillary.

"We will never build enough prisons to end our crime problem."

— Hillary Clinton, San Francisco 1996

2000 -- China: The biggest corruption trial in Communist Chinese history begins.


2001 -- Perú: Arrest warrant issued for Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader Exiled Ex-dictator Alberto Fujimori.
http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB274/index.htm


2002 -- US: Five US citizens arrested near Buffalo, NY as al-Qaeda terrorists.


2002 -- US: William Phillips, anti-Stalinist writer, editor, co-founder of Partisan Review dies, New York City.

3000 --

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The poet seeks the truth & anger spins his motion.
He laughs at the great ones spinning out the lies.
& through the unforgiving streets the singer walks the lonely beat
Raising up his voice & lays his heart out on the line.

The Poet's Cry (song for Phil Ochs)
by Len Wallace

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I saw the news this morning
a tower all in in flames
I saw the ones about to die,
I didn't know their names.
I watched the screen in disbelief,
an unbelieving eye.
The questions come into my mind
for who, for what, for why?

Terror is an ugly word
for an ugly hateful hate.
Terror of the madmen
or terror of the State.
Terror from the death squads
or terror from the skies.
No matter where, no matter when
it's the innocents who die.

And the sadness grows, the sadness grows.

— excerpt, SEPTEMBER 11 (music & words by Len Wallace)
This song was written from a sense of sadness & anger with the events
of September 11.

4500 --